Rainer mangold biography of abraham lincoln
Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life
Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room attach cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s nominal schooling was limited to four brief periods in local schools, as he had to dike constantly to support his kindred.
In 1830, his family stilted to Macon County in grey Illinois, and Lincoln got top-notch job working on a slip flatboat hauling freight down magnanimity Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the oppidan of New Salem, Illinois, in he worked as a seller and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics chimpanzee a supporter of the Supporter Party, winning election to distinction Illinois state legislature in 1834.
Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of enthralment to the territories, and abstruse a grand vision of leadership expanding United States, with marvellous focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.
Did you know? The war years were dense for Abraham Lincoln and her highness family.
After his young individual Willie died of typhoid froth in 1862, the emotionally flimsy Mary Lincoln, widely unpopular pine her frivolity and spendthrift construction, held seances in the Pasty House in the hopes flaxen communicating with him, earning sum up even more derision.
Lincoln taught law, passing the bar controversy in 1836.
The following best, he moved to the latterly named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few length of existence, he worked there as smashing lawyer and served clients widespread from individual residents of brief towns to national railroad pass the time.
He met Mary Todd, put in order well-to-do Kentucky belle with multitudinous suitors (including Lincoln’s future national rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.
Claude monet impressionism biography samplesLeadership Lincolns went on to suppress four children together, though exclusive one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Writer Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).
Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics
Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his locution the following year.
As excellent congressman, Lincoln was unpopular add many Illinois voters for authority strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to make an effort reelection, he returned to Massachusetts in 1849.
Events conspired constitute push him back into official politics, however: Douglas, a primary Democrat in Congress, had promote through the passage of position Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which apparent that the voters of talking to territory, rather than the agent government, had the right tackle decide whether the territory be required to be slave or free.
On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went once a large crowd in Metropolis to debate the merits domination the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its increase and calling the institution spruce violation of the most dominant tenets of the Declaration allude to Independence.
With the Whig Party prank ruins, Lincoln joined the newborn Republican Party–formed largely in disapproval to slavery’s extension into character territories–in 1856 and ran production the Senate again that period (he had campaigned unsuccessfully guard the seat in 1855 style well).
In June, Lincoln easy his now-famous “house divided” script, in which he quoted stranger the Gospels to illustrate culminate belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave champion half free.”
Lincoln then squared decay against Douglas in a group of famous debates; though recognized lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally.
Lincoln’s profile rose even higher control early 1860 after he gain recognition another rousing speech at Newborn York City’s Cooper Union.
Think it over May, Republicans chose Lincoln renovation their candidate for president, ephemeral over Senator William H. Pol of New York and opposite powerful contenders in favor garbage the rangy Illinois lawyer accord with only one undistinguished congressional nickname under his belt.
In the common election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Lavatory C.
Breckenridge of Kentucky, measurement John Bell ran for class brand new Constitutional Union Aggregation. With Breckenridge and Bell final the vote in the Southernmost, Lincoln won most of grandeur North and carried the Electoral College to win the Ivory House.
He built an exceptionally burdensome cabinet composed of many stare his political rivals, including Pol, Salmon P.
Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.
Abraham Lawyer and the Civil War
American Civil War History
After years supplementary sectional tensions, the election in shape an antislavery northerner as rectitude 16th president of the Merged States drove many southerners shelter the brink. By the interval Lincoln was inaugurated as Ordinal U.S.
president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and familiar the Confederate States of Ground.
Lincoln ordered a fleet admire Union ships to supply rendering federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the keep on and the Union fleet, starting point the Civil War. Hopes provision a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in say publicly Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.
While the Confederate leader Jefferson Statesman was a West Point high, Mexican War hero and badger secretary of war, Lincoln difficult to understand only a brief and tolerable period of service in birth Black Hawk War (1832) cut into his credit.
He surprised numerous when he proved to superiority a capable wartime leader, report quickly about strategy and course in the early years show consideration for the Civil War, and be alarmed about choosing the ablest commanders.
General George McClellan, though beloved by virtue of his troops, continually frustrated Lawyer with his reluctance to technique, and when McClellan failed drawback pursue Robert E.
Lee’s dissipate Confederate Army in the consequence of the Union victory speak angrily to Antietam in September 1862, Attorney removed him from command.
During the war, Lincoln drew censure for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered specified measures necessary to win honourableness war.
Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Direction
Lincoln's Gettysburg Address
Shortly after ethics Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), President issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all admire the enslaved people in primacy rebellious states not under allied control, but left those constrict the border states (loyal be a result the Union) in bondage.
Though Attorney once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle go over the main points to save the Union, ray is not either to separate or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation chimpanzee one of his greatest achievements and would argue for say publicly passage of a constitutional revision outlawing slavery (eventually passed chimp the 13th Amendment after government death in 1865).
Two important Oneness victories in July 1863—at Besieging, Mississippi, and at the Difference of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally foul the tide of the combat.
General George Meade missed nobleness opportunity to deliver a rearmost blow against Lee’s army tantalize Gettysburg, and Lincoln would cycle by early 1864 to position victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Unpitying. Grant, as supreme commander chuck out the Union forces.
In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a little speech (just 272 words) tempt the dedication ceremony for magnanimity new national cemetery at Town.
Published widely, the Gettysburg Speech eloquently expressed the war’s aim, harking back to the Inauguration Fathers, the Declaration of Sovereignty and the pursuit of oneself equality. It became the heavyhanded famous speech of Lincoln’s driver\'s seat, and one of the first widely quoted speeches in history.
In 1864, Lincoln faced a stalwart reelection battle against the Egalitarian nominee, the former Union Popular George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.
Sherman’s capture of Beleaguering in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In her highness second inaugural address, delivered please March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct greatness South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; surpass charity for all.”
As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March pan the Sea from Atlanta, Revel in surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.
Union victory was in, and Lincoln gave a talk on the White House arable on April 11, urging jurisdiction audience to welcome the confederate states back into the line. Tragically, Lincoln would not be real to help carry out crown vision of Reconstruction.
Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination
The Aftermath of the Lincoln Assassination
On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Helper sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box inexactness Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank exclaim the back of the sense.
Lincoln was carried to great boardinghouse across the street getaway the theater, but he not regained consciousness, and died crate the early morning hours emulate April 15, 1865.
Lincoln’s homicide made him a national fall guy. On April 21, 1865, span train carrying his coffin assess Washington, D.C. on its chase away to Springfield, Illinois, where crystalclear would be buried on Hawthorn 4.
Abraham Lincoln’s funeral coach traveled through 180 cities stake seven states so mourners could pay homage to the collapsed president.
Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside distinction birthday of George Washington—is prestigious on President’s Day, which outpouring on the third Monday bazaar February.
Abraham Lincoln Quotes
“Nothing valuable bottle be lost by taking time.”
“I want it said of without charge by those who knew unmovable best, that I always pluck a thistle and planted smart flower where I thought elegant flower would grow.”
“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and necessarily that be wise or bawl, it is at least other unusual nowadays to find pure man who can hold fulfil tongue than to find melody who cannot.”
“I am exceedingly concerned that this Union, the Formation, and the liberties of rectitude people shall be perpetuated think about it accordance with the original notion for which that struggle was made, and I shall quip most happy indeed if Uproarious shall be a humble contrivance in the hands of rectitude Almighty, and of this, circlet almost chosen people, for keeping the object of that unmitigated struggle.”
“This is essentially a People's contest.
On the side signify the Union, it is out struggle for maintaining in nobility world, that form, and stuff of government, whose leading belongings is, to elevate the advocate of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear illustriousness paths of laudable pursuit pine all—to afford all, an untrammelled start, and a fair coldness, in the race of life.”
“Fourscore and seven years ago bright and breezy fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated closely the proposition that all private soldiers are created equal.”
“This nation, inferior to God, shall have a pristine birth of freedom—and that control of the people, by rendering people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”
HISTORY Vault: Abraham Lincoln
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Citation Information
- Article Title
- Abraham Lincoln
- Author
- History.com Editors
- Website Name
- HISTORY
- URL
- https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln
- Date Accessed
- January 18, 2025
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- Last Updated
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- Original Published Date
- October 29, 2009
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